Séminaire d'analyse (archives)

The Degasperis-Procesi equation (DP) is a spatial one-dimensional model for nonlinear shallow waters phenomena and it is one of the few known Hamiltonian PDEs which is completely integrable, namely it possesses infinitely many constants of motion. Moreover this equation is quasi-linear, namely the nonlinear terms contain derivatives of the same order of the linear part. In this talk I will show a recent result of existence and stability of small amplitude quasi-periodic solutions for Hamiltonian perturbations of the DP equation on the circle. This result is based on a combination of Nash-Moser / KAM schemes and pseudo differential calculus techniques. There are several issues in dealing with this problem:
- the equation is completely resonant, meaning that the linear solutions are all periodic, so the existence of the expected quasi-periodic solutions is due to the nonlinear terms;
- the linear dispersion is weak, in the sense that the linear solutions are close to travelling waves, and this makes difficult to impose the non-resonance Melnikov conditions required by the KAM scheme;
- the resonant structure is quite complicated and we need to exploit the integrability of the unperturbed equation to extract the first nonlinear approximate solutions from which the Nash-Moser scheme bifurcates.
This is a joint work with Roberto Feola and Michela Procesi.

Dans cet exposé, je présenterai des résultats concernant le problème de Cauchy pour les ondes non linéaires avec données aléatoires et/ou une force stochastique en dimension deux. Après avoir expliqué la construction de la mesure de Gibbs associée au Hamiltonien de l'équation et la nécessité de renormaliser, je présenterai un schéma de preuve du caractère bien posé dans le cas particulier du tore. Enfin, j'expliquerai comment contourner l'approche classique par analyse de Fourier de la construction des objets stochastiques principaux afin d'étendre ces résultats à une surface compacte sans bords plus générale.

We consider general classes of nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations on the circle with nontrivial cubic part and without external parameters. We construct a new type of normal forms, namely rational normal forms, on open sets surrounding the origin in high Sobolev regularity. With this new tool we prove that, given a large constant $M$ and a sufficiently small parameter $\varepsilon$, for generic initial data of size $\varepsilon$, the flow is conjugated to an integrable flow up to an arbitrary small remainder of order $\varepsilon^{M+1}$. This implies that for such initial data $u(0)$ we control the Sobolev norm of the solution $u(t)$ for time of order $\varepsilon^{-M}$. Furthermore this property is locally stable: if $v(0)$ is sufficiently close to $u(0)$ (of order $\varepsilon^{3/2}$) then the solution $v(t)$ is also controled for time of order $\varepsilon^{-M}$. (Joint work with Erwan Faou and Joackim Bernier)

We consider the problem of inversion of weighted Radon transforms. This problem arises in different tomographies and, in particular, in emission tomographies. We present old and very recent results on this problem. This talk is based, in particular, on recent works [Goncharov, Novikov, 2016, 2018], [Goncharov, 2017].

We present a new proof of the dimensionless $L^p$ boundedness of the Riesz vector on manifolds with bounded geometry. The key ingredients of the proof are sparse domination and probabilistic representation of the Riesz vector. This type of proof has the significant advantage that it allows for a much stronger conclusion, giving us a new dimensionless weighted $L^p$ estimate.

I will describe an approach to studying the Kakeya maximal function in high dimensions via the Guth--Katz polynomial partitioning method. Although the approach does not currently produce better bounds than the record set by Katz--Tao, it is rather flexible, provides a lot of interesting structural information and gives rise to some interesting algebraic/geometric problems.

Motivated by some classical results of Meyer, Pichorides and Zygmund, we present a variant of Yano's extrapolation theorem for analytic Hardy spaces over the torus. Some related questions will also be discussed.

We consider the gravity water waves system with a periodic one-dimensional interface in infinite depth, and prove a rigorous reduction of these equations to Birkhoff normal form up to degree four. This prove a conjecture of Zakharov-Dyachenko based on the formal Birkhoff integrability of the waver waves Hamiltonian truncated at order four. As a consequence, we also obtain a long-time stability result: periodic perturbations of a flat interface that are of size ε in a sufficiently smooth Sobolev space lead to solutions that remain regular and small up to times of order $\epsilon^{−3}$.

First I will describe a new pseudodifferential calculus for (pseudo-)Riemannian spaces, which in our opinion (my, D.Siemssen's and A.Latosiński's) is the most appropriate way to study operators on such a manifold. I will briefly describe its applications to computations of the asymptotics the heat kernel and Green's operator on RIemannian manifolds. Then I will discuss analogous applications to Lorentzian manifolds, relevant for QFT on curved spaces. I will mention an intriguing question of the self-adjointness of the Klein-Gordon operator. I will describe the construction of the (distinguished) Feynman propagator on asymptotically static spacetimes. I will show how our pseudodifferential calculus can be used to compute the full asymptotics around the diagonal of various inverses and bisolutions of the Klein-Gordon operator.